Tuesday 30 September 2014

Why did Dredd fail at the box office?

There are lots of different reasons why Dredd failed at the box office. To start with there is the fact that the main actors face is never fully seen. The whole film he wears a mask and only his nose and mouth can be seen. This makes it hard for people to identify the main actor at a glance which is often useful for attracting audiences. Masks can be good as they can be used as a symbol to recognise a character such as Iron Man. In the Iron Man films the mask is used but you can still see the actors face which means it advertises better as everyone knows the actor. If Dredd had advertised with the actors face it could have attracted more audience as people will know him and want to watch the film.

The main reason Dredd failed was because it was shown in 3D. The film is mainly aimed at those who don’t go to cinemas to see films in 3D so releasing it almost completely in 3D didn’t appeal to the target audience. Iron man was released in both 2D and 3D so will appeal to a large audience as some people would be more likely to go and see it in 3D for all the special effects and some people will not want to pay so much for 3D and will prefer to see it in 2D. Dredd did not give the audience that option. Many of the people wanting to watch it would want to watch it in 2D as they don’t want to pay the full price of 3D just for the special effects. This meant that most of the people wanting to watch Dredd waited for it to come out on DVD as it came with the option to watch it in 2D or 3D. I think that Dredd could have made much more money if the film had been available in cinemas in 2D as well as 3D so people can chose if they want to pay extra for 3D or not. This would have widened the audience and brought more people to see it at cinemas.
Dredd also failed because The Raid came out at the same time. Both films had a very similar storylines but The Raid did better in the box office due to different audiences etc. When Iron Man was released there where most likely lots of other action adventure films but none with a similar storyline like Dredd and The Raid. Because these two films came out at the same time they were easy to compare so people soon realised The Raid was a better film and therefor attracted more audience to watch it.
Another reason Dredd failed was because it was an 18. This narrowed down the audience and meant that people that could go and see it knew it would be violent due to the age rating which means only people who enjoy watching violent films will want to go and see it. People will instantly stereotype the film because of the rating it has been given and expect violence and gore etc. the film would have done better if it had been diluted down to make it a lower rating as then the audience would be broadened and more people will want to watch it. Iron man is a much lower rating so has a much larger audience and also a bigger fan base due to other Marvel films. Despite the lower rating there are some very violent scenes in the film but it has been diluted down and made a bit funnier to attract a wide range of audience. It can instantly get a bigger audience based on age but also because it has a well-known actor and good storyline.
Dredd is not a well-known story which could be why it didn’t do so well in the box office. If people have heard of the story before e.g. a book or comic they are more likely to want to go and see the film. Iron Man has a huge fan base because of this as it is a well-known comic so there are people who will defiantly want to see it as a film and there are people who have heard of it and want to go and see the film out of interest.
Dredd could also have failed due to the companies involved. These companies are not as big and well known as Marvel (owned by Disney) so films by them are less likely to be instantly thought of as amazing. Films by companies like Marvel are usually very very good so people will hear about a new film and instantly stereotype it to be good because of who it’s made by. Also Dredd was made to compete with American films with similar ratings and violence. These films are likely to be made by huge production companies with much larger budgets. This probably meant they could spend more on special effects. The special effects in Dredd such as the slow motion is good but so much effort has been put into this the other effects such as explosions and fires do not work as well or look so good. I think there was too much focus on the slow motion effects and not enough on the others. In other films such as Iron Man special effect explosions and fires are much more frequent and slow motion is not used that much if at all.
I think overall Dredd mainly failed due to only being released predominantly in 3D, being given an 18 rating and never seeing the actors face. This meant the audience was instantly narrowed to a small few that wanted to go and see it at cinemas and most people who did want to see it waited until it was released on DVD before buying it to watch in 2D. It also meant people had no idea who the actor was and weren’t attracted to watch the film because of this.

Why did Dredd fail at the box office? Research

Pre Production
1.Who were the films producer, distributor and script writer? (try and find other films by these groups)
Alex Garland
2.Who are Lionsgate (who owns them?)
Founded by Frank Giustra
3.Who are IM Global (who owns them?)
Founded by Stuart Ford
4.Who are DNA films (who owns them and who partnered with them?) 
Founded by Duncan Kenworthy and Andrew Macdonald
5.How was the funding for DNA originally split?
$25 from each DNA and Fox Searchlight
6.Why did they need to maintain their relationship with Fox Searchlight?

7.When did Lionsgate announce their three picture deal with IM Global?
November 2010
8.Where did Carl Urban announce his role in Dredd?
Comic-con
9.Why might this have helped attract the film's target audience
Lots of Marvel fans go to comic-con and will be interested in watching a new Marvel film
10.How much money did Dredd make from pre sales (this is people buying the right to show your film)?
$30 million plus
11.How much did a distributer pay for the rights to show the film in the UK?
$7 million
12.Where was the movie filmed?
Cape town, South Africa
 
Production
1.When was the 'lawmaker' gun built and designed?

Some time in 2010 as filming began in November 2010. It was designed around a 9mm firing system
2.During which other UK film was the 'slo mo' sequences designed?
Never Let Me Go
3.How did the film makers feel about making an 18 certificate film?
Glad it wasn't diluted down to make it a lower rating so they could get more money.
4.How long did it take to film Dredd?

About 13 weeks
5.Which camera was used to film Dredd?
RED MX cameras and SI2Ks, Phantom Flex high-speed, and multiple rigs shooting
6.Why did they need to create new camera rigs

So they could film very close to the action

Post production
1.What issue affected the films editing?
 There was a creative disagreement between producers and executive

Distribution and marketing
1.How many cinemas was Dredd released in and how many ONLY showed it in 3D?
2,506 cinemas. 2,200 only 3D.
2.How did producers begin promoting Dredd3D
Lionsgate joined with publishers 2000AD and Motion Comic to create an online prequel comic strip for Dredd
3.What viral marketing campaign did the producers use for Dredd?
They created a website with special features, information about the characters and slo-mo and the prequel comic strip
4.The film premiered at Fantastic Fest, what is it and why would this appeal to the films target audience?
Annual film festival in Texas. Lots of the films are the same kind of genre and Dredd would appeal to the audience there
5.Which awards did the films marketing campaign win?
The marketing campaign won a Golden Trailer Award
6.How much money did the film gross at the box office?
In the UK it grossed £1.05 million
7.What unusual step did the film's UK distributors take to ensure people watched in 3D?
It was shown in 3D in most cinemas and those that requested 2D versions were denied
8.What percentage of audiences are physically incapable of seeing a 3D image?

10% of people cannot see films in 3D
9.What % of light is lost in a 3D film?
Up to 88% of light can be lost in a 3D film
10.Which film was Dredd unfortunate to be released after?
The Raid which had a very similar storyline but was much more popular
11.In the UK which position in the DVD charts did Dredd occupy?
It reached number 1 in DVD sales in the UK
12.What might this show about the decision to allow only a 3D release
That people wanted to watch it but not in 3D at the cinemas as it is more expensive so they waited for the DVD and watched the 2D copy instead
13.In the US which audience demographic was the largest?
*
14.How many units did Dredd sell on DVD/Blu-ray in the US?
650,000 units were sold in North America
15.How much money did this bring in?
$10 million was made in home media sales in the US

Sunday 28 September 2014

Stereotypes of gender


Male

What is the stereotypical male?

·         Viewed as more dominate

·         Stronger

·         Protective

·         Masculine

·         Bossy / In charge of the house

·         Commit more crimes

·         More violent

·         Competitive – Top Gear (Between the 3 hosts)

·         Common interests such as cars - E.g Most Top Gear viewers are male

Shows that include stereotypical males include:

Top Gear- Competitive and common interests such as cars (Jeremy Clarkson)

Robin Hood- Dominant, protective (Robin Hood) and stronger (Little John)

Merlin- Bossy and masculine (Arthur Pendragon)

Sherlock- Commit more crimes (Jim Moriarty and Charles Augustus Magnussen)

 

Female

The stereotypical view on females

·         Viewed as weaker

·         Traditionally housewives

·         Emotional

·         Feminine

·         Bad drivers

·         Controlled by others sometimes by religion

·         Caring and sympathetic

·         Primarily raises the child

·         Fashion always up to date

·         More sociable

·         Complicate things

Shows that include stereotypical women include:

Merlin- Feminine, controlled by men and typical housewife (Guinevere)

Robin Hood- Caring and sympathetic (Marion)

The Paradise- Complicate things, sociable and fashionable

Transsexual

Stereotypical view on transsexual

·         Outcast / Rejected from society

·         Usually lesbians but mostly gay men

·         Called Impersonators

·         Viewed as prostitutes

·         Low Lifestyle

·         Hidden from society

Some TV shows include transsexual stereotypes such as:

Ugly Betty- Outcast (Alex Meade/Alexis Meade)


However some TV series also include characters that defy the stereotypes such as:

Ugly Betty- Female character (Betty Suarez) is more dominant and bossy and not fashionable. Transsexual character has a very good job and is not hidden from society (Alexis Meade)

Merlin- Female character (Morgana) is violent, commits more crimes and is stronger

Sherlock- Male characters are confusing and complicated (Sherlock Holmes) and caring and sympathetic (John Watson)


Star Trek- Includes lots of female characters that are very clever, dominant, bossy and good at technical and confusing jobs (Beverly Crusher and Deanna Troi)
 

Wednesday 17 September 2014

Representation - American Beauty


Sound
Music in the first scene (non diegetic) is repetitive
The voice over is very monotone and sounds bored

Camera work
Camera makes him look distant
Makes him look trapped (in shower, behind window and reflection on computer screen)
In boss's office he is made to look small at first but when he gets angry he is shown larger

Mise en scene
Bedroom is all the same colour
The flower beds outside his house are perfect
He lives in the average American home, white fence etc.
Red, white and blue colour scheme
Office is very plain and dull

Character
Lester is not content with his life
He has poor posture and slouches quite a lot
He lacks confidence
He doesn't get on well with his wife
His family don't respect him

Camera Shots, Angle and Movement

Basic Camera Angles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fd2YUPGovQw&feature=player_embedded
Over the shoulder shot
Used when two people are having a conversation. The back and shoulder of the person is used to frame whoever/whatever the camera is focused on.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606354
High angle shot
Any shot above eye level of the characters. Used to make people look small/vulnerable, when they are having a conversation with someone above them or to make the shot more dramatic.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605926
Low angle shot
Any shot below the eye line used to make character look larger, other characters smaller or to make them look more imposing/dramatic.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606377

Basic Camera Movements
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z68dMBAAn-k&feature=player_embedded
Tracking shot
Where the camera is moving along on a dolly next to, away from or towards the subject.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606363
Sideways tracking (crab shot)
Where the camera is moving sideways to follow the subject.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605842
Tilt shot
Where the camera is stationary and moves vertically to follow the subject. Can also be used to end a scene.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606527
Zoom
Using the camera to create the effect that you are moving closer to the subject .
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606372
Arc shot
Like a tracking shot but the camera moves in an arc around the subject instead of beside it.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605820
Crane shot
Shot taken by a camera on a crane or jib to get an overhead view.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606431
Panning shot
Like a tilt shot but the camera moves horizontally. Can be used to follow a moving subject.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606519

Basic Camera Shots
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fe2PqbUk0bU&feature=player_embedded
Extreme long shot
Where the camera shows a large area around a subject or a landscape. Whole subject is in the shot usually smaller as it is more focused on the landscape.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605779
Establishing shot
Used to show where the subject is or what is happening usually a long or extreme long shot.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605831
Long shot
The camera shows an area around the subject. The whole subject is visible in the shot.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605591
Mid shot
Shot from a medium distance usually fits most of the subject into the frame.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605413
Two shot
A shot involving two people sometimes with one in the foreground and one in the background or two people in conversation.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605413
Close up
Used to display details as they usually show the subject and not much of the area around them.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605602
Extreme close up
Very close to the subject e.g. subjects eye. This can be used to make the shot more dramatic or to make a point of something.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3606426
Point of view
Used to show what the character is seeing. Can be used with more than one character.
http://www.tubechop.com/watch/3605932

Wednesday 10 September 2014

Self Representation

Groups
From the tribes on UK Tribes I think I fall into:
Nerds - I love Doctor Who and Star Trek (Next Gen series)
Creatives - Because I love art and photography and I try to involve this in my normal day as much as possible.
Fan Girl - I am a fan of mainly actors instead of musicians. One of my favourite actors is Simon Pegg, I loved Hot Fuzz and his acting in the new Star Trek film.

















Media Figures
I don't look to figures in the media for what I want to do with my life but I admire the personalities of certain media figures. I hope I have a nice personality like Benedict Cumberbatch or Tom Hiddleston but I don't want to follow a similar career path to them.





Styling
I don't really pick any style tips from celebrities and I don't try and copy peoples style. I pick up some aspects of my outfit from costumes in films or TV shows I like. I pick things like flowing cardigans from shows I like such as Merlin or films like lord of the rings and I have a air of boots that remind me of the ones Captain America wears. I don't go out of my way to be fashionable I don't understand some of the weird trends these days but I do have my own style that I feel comfortable with.

Textual Analysis and Representation (The 7 key areas of representation)



 

You need to understand how these technical elements (in the last post) create specific representations of individuals, groups, events or places and help to articulate specific messages and values that have social significance. 

Particular areas of representation that may be chosen are:
    1. Gender
    2. Age
    3. Ethnicity
    4. Sexuality
    5. Class and status
    6. Physical ability/disability
    1. Regional identity

Textual Analysis and Representation (The 4 key areas of textual anaysis)



Camera Shots, Angle, Movement, Composition
  • Shots: establishing shot, master shot, close-up, mid-shot, long shot, wide shot, two-shot, aerial shot, point of view shot, over the shoulder shot, and variations of these.
  • Angle: high angle, low angle, canted angle.
  • Movement: pan, tilt, track, dolly, crane, steadicam, hand-held, zoom, reverse zoom.
  • Composition: framing, rule of thirds, depth of field – deep and shallow focus, focus pulls.
Editing


Includes transition of image and sound – continuity and non-continuity systems.
  • Cutting: shot/reverse shot, eyeline match, graphic match, action match, jump cut, crosscutting, parallel editing, cutaway; insert.
  • Other transitions, dissolve, fade-in, fade-out, wipe, superimposition, long take, short take, slow motion, ellipsis and expansion of time, post-production, visual effects.
Sound
  • Soundtrack: score, incidental music, themes and stings, ambient sound.
  • Diegetic and non-diegetic sound; synchronous/asynchronous sound; sound effects; sound motif, sound bridge, dialogue, voiceover, mode of address/direct address, sound mixing, sound perspective.
Mise-en-Scène
  • Production design: location, studio, set design, costume and make-up, properties.
  • Lighting; colour design.

British film industry research


1. What % of global box office was the British film industry responsible for?
15.3%
2. What was this % in 2009?
6.8%
3. What might this change indicate about British film?
That they are getting better and making more money
4. What films have been responsible for this change?
Films like Skyfall and The Kings Speech
5. What % of the British film industry makes a profit?
7%
6. What % of Hollywood films make a profit?
17%
7. How does that % differ between £2m and £10m budget British films?
From 4% to 17%
8. What might we infer from this difference?
The more the film cots to make the more money it takes from the box office.
9. Which age group makes up the largest % of UK cinema goers?
7-24 year olds
10. Why do you think this might be?
Because there are often lot of children's animations and action films released for this age group
11. Which 'type' of film has seen an 18% drop in attendance?
3D films
12. Within that 'type' which genre has seen the biggest fall?
Action?
13. What did Charles Grant put this decline down to?
Families
14. Who is Paul Greengrass?
A British film director
15. How did he describe the British film industry?
A Success story
16. What did a BFI spokesperson say was the point of less profitable low budget British films?
They are useful for things like training development and artistic and cultural importance.
17. What was the budget for Filth and how much money did it take?
£4m in the box office (over twice the budget)
18. What advantage did James McEvoy feel £100m films have over low budget films?
They have enough money to advertise so people can easily find out about it.
19. What is VOD?
Video on Demand
20. What % increase did VOD see last year?
50%
21. What impact might VOD have on distributers and Studios?
It will make them less important which will give smaller companies a chance
22. What impact has it had on Blockbuster rental stores?
They are not getting as many sales as people can use the internet to download them or buy them online
23. What was unique about Ben Wheatleys 'A Field In England'?
It was released in cinemas, on TV, on DVD and through Video on demand all at the same time
24. What does director of The Machine Caradog James think is the toughest part of film making?
Reaching out to the audience to try and get them to see the film
25. Why have rules been relaxed on what makes a film 'British'?
To encourage more investment in the UK film industry
26. How has the use of visual effects in films been encouraged?
Sony has opened a centre where you can go for formal courses and informal drop in sessions on special effects and camera work
27. Name five of these rules and link them to The Kings Speech, Kill List, The World's End
Main language of the film is English
Actors are English
Director is English
The film is about  England
It is filmed in the UK

The King's Speech is about a king of England
The World's End has three main actors that are British along with other British supporting actors -Simon Pegg, Nick Frost and Martin Freeman
Kill list was filmed in England
28. What rules has chancellor George Osbourne announced for tax on British films?
Tax relief will be increased to 25% on the first £20m of qualifying production expenditure
29. What is the highest grossing film in UK box office history?
Skyfall
30. How much has it taken and how many screens was it available on?
£540m globally. it was shown in 587 cinemas in the UK and Ireland

Thursday 4 September 2014

Film Production- Les Miserables



Development
1. Where did the idea come from?
Based on Les Miserables by Claude-Michel Schonberg and Les Miserables by Victor Hugo
2. Which studios made the film?
Relativity Media
Working Title Films
Cameron Mackintosh Ltd.
3. Who owns that studio?
Ryan Kavanaugh
Comcast Corporation
Cameron Mackintosh
4. What was the budget?
$61 million
5. Who was the producer?
Cameron Mackintosh



Pre-Production
1. Who wrote the script?
William Nicholson
Alain Boublil
Claude-Michel Schonberg
Herbert Kretzmer
2. Who directed the film?
Tom Hooper
3. Who starred in the film?
Hugh Jackman
Russell Crowe
Anne Hathaway
Amanda Seyfried
4. In which country was it filmed?
UK
5. Which locations were used?
Boughton House
Winchester College
Winchester Cathedral Close
Her Majesty's Naval Base Portsmouth
Chatham Dockyard
Ewelme
South Oxfordshire
Pinewood Studios

Production
1. How long did filming take?
8 March 2012 to 23 June 2012 with some late filming in October 2012
2. Which cameras were used?

Arricam LT, Zeiss Master Prime, Ultra Prime and Angenieux Optimo Lenses  
         

Post Production
1. Who was the film's editor?
Melanie Ann Oliver
Chris Dickens
2. When was the film released in the UK and the USA?

11 January 2013 in UK and 25 December 2012 in USA
3. What special effects were used?

No special effects were used. Full orchestra was used for music
4. Find three marketing campaigns used for the film?

Teaser trailer was released
An extended first look was released a while later
Posters were released leading up to the film
5. Find 5 film reviews of the film, summarise them.

Washington Post
Thought the last half hour was the best bit and Anne Hathaway's singing was very good
New York Times
Loved Anne's performance and liked that the singing was live not pre-recorded. thought it was a tiring film
Hollywood Reporter
Appealed to teens and liked the male leads and the songs
New Yorker
Didn't like it as some singing was out of tune and didn't like the close ups.
The Atlantic
Anne's song 'I dreamed a dream' was a good representation of the film and thought the live singing was very good.
6. How much did the film make at the UK box office?

£8.1 million on opening weekend
7. How much did the film make at the US box office?

$148,809,770 in North America
8. How much did the film make in total?

$441,809,770
9. How many DVD versions exist?

Various versions with and without special features
10. When was the film released on DVD/Blu Ray?

13 May 2013 in UK
22 March 2013 in US

Film Prodction- The Avengers



Development
1. Where did the idea come from?
The idea has been adapted from the comics and all the other marvel films helped lead up to it
2. Which studios made the film?
Marvel Studios
3. Who owns that studio?
Kevin Feige
4. What was the budget?
$220 Million
5. Who was the producer?
Kevin Feige

Pre-Production
1. Who wrote the script?
Zak Penn
2. Who directed the film?
Joss Whedon
3. Who starred in the film?
Robert Downey Jr. (Iron Man)
Chris Evans (Captain America)
Scarlett Johansson (Black Widow)
Chris Hemsworth (Thor)
Tom Hiddleston (Loki)
Mark Ruffalo (Hulk)
Jeremy Renner (Hawkeye)
Clark Gregg (Agent Coulson)
Samuel L. Jackson (Nick Fury)
4. In which country was it filmed?
USA
5. Which locations were used?
Albuquerque, New Mexico
 Worthington, Pennsylvania
Cleveland, Ohio
Sandusky, Ohio ETC.
Production
1. How long did filming take?
From April 25 to about August 28
2. Which cameras were used?

Canon EOS 5D Mark 2 and Canon EOS 7D SLR cameras were used. High speed shots were filmed with the Arriflex 435 on 35mm film

Post Production
1. Who was the film's editor?
Jeffrey Ford and Lisa Lassek
2. When was the film released in the UK and the USA?

26th April in UK and 4th May in USA
3. What special effects were used?

2200 special effects were used in the film. ILM was the main company involved and were responsible for the helicarrier, Iron Man and Hulk and many other effects.
4. Find three marketing campaigns used for the film?

Marvel films about the avengers in the years leading up to Avengers Assemble all linked to it in some way and were used to get people curious about the film.
Trailers were released to get people interested
There was already a huge fan base for the avengers so a crossover film
5. Find 5 film reviews of the film, summarise them.

http://www.theguardian.com/film/2012/apr/26/avengers-assemble-review
Overall liked the film felt Loki stole the show and Black widow could have had more screen time.
http://www.totalfilm.com/reviews/cinema/the-avengers-assemble
Loved the banter between characters and Hulks character thinks the film is great to watch.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/reviews/article-2132367/The-Avengers-Assemble-film-review-Superhero-onslaught-simply-irresistible.html
Dislikes not knowing why Loki tries to take over earth and thought it was obvious what the ending would be but still thought it was a good film.
http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movie/avengers/review/314291
Thinks its the best Marvel film yet.
http://www.cinemablend.com/reviews/The-Avengers-5829.html
Thinks each character get a fair share of screen time and thinks the final battle is many times better than any of Marvels previous action sequences.
6. How much did the film make at the UK box office?

£2.5 Million on the opening day and £15.8 million over the weekend
7. How much did the film make at the US box office?

$623.4 million in North America
8. How much did the film make in total?

$1.5 billion
9. How many DVD versions exist?

There are many different versions of the film with extras etc. and ones that come with other Marvel films.
10. When was the film released on DVD/Blu Ray?

September 25 2012

Monday 1 September 2014

Representation





1.


What I wrote:
  • Real fur coat
  • Broken wrist
  • Clothes look expensive
  • Looks quite old
  • Bright colours
Who is she?
Anna Di Piaggi
Italian
Fashion writer
Got clothes given to her from big fashion companies to keep on her good side.

2.


What I wrote:
  • Quite old
  • Not bothered by appearance
  • Smokes
Who is he?
Doug Bihlmaier
Standing on Madison Avenue
Works for Ralph Lauren

3.


What I wrote:
  • Jeans - casual
  • Shirt with no tie
  • Blazer
  • Converse
  • Leather belt and sunglasses
Who is he?
Calvin Klein